Valves are mechanical devices designed to control the flow of fluids, gases, or slurries within a system. They are integral components in a wide range of industries, including oil and gas, water treatment, pharmaceuticals, and manufacturing.

Functioning like gates or regulators, valves can start, stop, or regulate the flow of materials through pipes or channels. They achieve this by opening, closing, or partially obstructing pathways, thus controlling the rate and direction of flow.

Valves come in various types, each suited to specific applications and environments. Common types include ball valves, gate valves, butterfly valves, globe valves, and check valves. Each type has its unique mechanism for controlling flow, with some using rotating discs, balls, or plugs, while others rely on sliding gates or diaphragms.